Viscosity02
Viscous Damper
This material model does not respond to strain/displacement. To represent materials that respond to both displacement
and velocity, see Maxwell
and Kelvin
.
See also damper elements Damper01
and Damper02
.
References
Theory
The quadrant damper is implemented.
The damping force is defined as a function of displacement and velocity (or strain and strain rate, depends on what the input is).
\[
\sigma=\text{sign}(\dot\varepsilon)~\eta(\varepsilon,\dot\varepsilon)~|\dot\varepsilon|^\alpha.
\]
The damping coefficient is a function of strain and strain rate that can be expressed as follows, which shows different response in different quadrants.
\[
\begin{align*} \eta\left(\varepsilon,\dot\varepsilon\right)
&=\dfrac{\eta_1+\eta_2+\eta_3+\eta_4}{4}+\dfrac{\eta_1-\eta_2+\eta_3-\eta_4}{\pi^2}\arctan\left(g_1\varepsilon\right)
\arctan\left(g_2\dot\varepsilon\right)\\[4mm]&+\dfrac{\eta_1-\eta_2-\eta_3+\eta_4}{2\pi}\arctan\left(
g_1\varepsilon\right)+\dfrac{\eta_1+\eta_2-\eta_3-\eta_4}{2\pi}\arctan\left(g_2\dot\varepsilon\right). \end{align*}
\]